Lutheran Church Year
Sundays and Holidays in Year 1685

Dates in the Lifetime of J.S. Bach

All dates are in ISO 8601 format: YYYY-MM-DD.
Abbreviations of German weekdays: Sonntag, Montag, Dienstag, Mittwoch, Donnerstag, Freitag, Samstag.

1685-01-01 Mo Neujahr
1685-01-06 Sa Epiphanias
1685-01-07 So 1.So.n.Epiph.
1685-01-14 So 2.So.n.Epiph.
1685-01-21 So 3.So.n.Epiph.
1685-01-28 So 4.So.n.Epiph.
1685-02-02 Fr Mariä Reinigung
1685-02-04 So 5.So.n.Epiph.
1685-02-11 So 6.So.n.Epiph./Letzter So.n.Epiph.
1685-02-18 So Septuagesimae
1685-02-25 So Sexagesimae
1685-03-04 So Estomihi
1685-03-05 Mo Rosenmontag
1685-03-06 Di Fastnacht
1685-03-07 Mi Aschermittwoch
1685-03-11 So Invokavit
1685-03-18 So Reminiszere
1685-03-25 So Okuli/Mariä Verkündigung
1685-04-01 So Laetare
1685-04-08 So Judika
1685-04-15 So Palmsonntag
1685-04-19 Do Gründonnerstag
1685-04-20 Fr Karfreitag
1685-04-21 Sa Karsamstag
1685-04-22 So Ostersonntag
1685-04-23 Mo Ostermontag
1685-04-24 Di Osterdienstag
1685-04-29 So Quasimodogeniti
1685-05-01 Di Maifeiertag
1685-05-06 So Misericordias Dom.
1685-05-13 So Jubilate
1685-05-20 So Kantate
1685-05-27 So Rogate
1685-05-31 Do Christi Himmelf.
1685-06-03 So Exaudi
1685-06-10 So Pfingsten
1685-06-11 Mo Pfingstmontag
1685-06-12 Di Pfingstdienstag
1685-06-17 So Trinitatis
1685-06-21 Do Fronleichnam
1685-06-24 So Johannis
1685-07-01 So 2.So.n.Trin.
1685-07-02 Mo Mariä Heimsuchung
1685-07-08 So 3.So.n.Trin.
1685-07-15 So 4.So.n.Trin.
1685-07-22 So 5.So.n.Trin.
1685-07-29 So 6.So.n.Trin.
1685-08-05 So 7.So.n.Trin.
1685-08-12 So 8.So.n.Trin.
1685-08-19 So 9.So.n.Trin.
1685-08-26 So 10.So.n.Trin.
1685-09-02 So 11.So.n.Trin.
1685-09-09 So 12.So.n.Trin.
1685-09-16 So 13.So.n.Trin.
1685-09-23 So 14.So.n.Trin.
1685-09-29 Sa Michaelis
1685-09-30 So 15.So.n.Trin.
1685-10-07 So 16.So.n.Trin.
1685-10-14 So 17.So.n.Trin.
1685-10-21 So 18.So.n.Trin.
1685-10-28 So 19.So.n.Trin.
1685-10-31 Mi Reformationsfest
1685-11-04 So 20.So.n.Trin.
1685-11-11 So 21.So.n.Trin.
1685-11-18 So 22.So.n.Trin.
1685-11-21 Mi Buß- und Bettag
1685-11-25 So 23.So.n.Trin.
1685-12-02 So 1. Advent
1685-12-06 Do Nikolaus
1685-12-09 So 2. Advent
1685-12-16 So 3. Advent
1685-12-23 So 4. Advent
1685-12-24 Mo Heiliger Abend
1685-12-25 Di 1. Weihnachtstag
1685-12-26 Mi 2. Weihnachtstag
1685-12-27 Do 3. Weihnachtstag
1685-12-30 So So.n.Weihnachten
1685-12-31 Mo Silvester

Sundays and Holidays in the Lifetime of J.S. Bach

Prepared by Dr. Georg Fischer (April 2007)
Contributed by Dr. Georg Fischer (March 2010)
Please direct any questions or comments to: Dr. Georg Fischer

Life History of J.S. Bach

Date/Year

Place

Event

Mar 21, 1685

Eisenach

Birth of Johann Sebastian Bach, seventh and youngest child of Johann Ambrosius Bach and Maria Elisabeth

Mar 23, 1685

Eisenach

Baptism at Georgenkirche, Eisenach’s main church

Other Events

1685 in Music

Events:
The father of Georg Philipp Telemann dies, leaving his widow to bring up the children.
Antonio Stradivari makes the ex Arma Senkrah violin.
John Blow is recorded among the private musicians of King James II of England.
The 17-year-old François Couperin becomes organist at St Gervais in Paris.
Giovanni Legrenzi becomes maestro di cappella at St Mark's Cathedral, Venice.

Published Music:
Arcangelo Corelli: Op. 2, 12 trio sonatas
Henry Purcell: My heart is inditing (anthem), first performed at the coronation of King James II
John Blow: Venus and Adonis, opera
Marc-Antoine Charpentier: La Couronne de fleurs, opera; Les arts florissants, opera
Giuseppe Fabrini: La Genefieva, opera
Jean-Baptiste Lully: Roland, opera

Births:
Feb 23, 1685: George Frideric Handel, German composer (d 1759)
Jun 26, 1685: Antonio Maria Bernacchi, castrato singer (d 1756)
Jun 30, 1685: John Gay, English poet and dramatist, author of The Beggar's Opera (d 1732)
Aug 1, 1685: Johann Michael Bach [30], German musician (d unknown date)
Aug 17, 1685: Johann Christoph Bach [19], German musician (d May 15, 1740)
Sepr 15, 1685: Gottfried Kirchhoff, German composer (d Jan 21, 1746)
Sep 20, 1685: Giuseppe Matteo Alberti, Italian composer and violinist (d 1751)
Oct 24, 1685: Giuseppe Gonelli: Italian composer, organist and teacher (d Feb 11, 1745)
Oct 26, 1685: Domenico Scarlatti, Italian composer (d 1757)
Dec 12, 1685: Lodovico Giustini, talian composer and keyboard player (d 1743)
c1685: Johann Georg Neidhardt, German composer and music theorist
c1685: Johann Pachelbel, German composer (d 1764?)

Deaths:
Jan 26, 1685: Johann Michael Nicolai, German composer (b 1629)
Mar 31, 1685: Juan Hidalgo de Polanco, Spanish composer and harpist (b 1614)
Jul 4/5, 1685: George Jeffreys, English composer (b c1610)
Sep 22, 1685: Ignazio Albertini, Italian musician and composer (b 1644)
Unknown date, 1685: Jean-Baptiste Boësset, French composer (b 1614)
Unknown da, 1685: Yatsuhashi Kengyo, Japanese musician and composer (b 1614)
Unknown date, 1685: Peter Morhard, German composer
Unknown date, 1685: Caspar Friedrich Nachtenhöfer, German hymn-writer

1685 in Literature & Poetry

Events:
Feb 6, 1685: The death of King Charles II of England results in:
- One of the major theatrical flops of the Restoration era: Albion and Albanius - an allegorical drama in praise of the late king, with text by John Dryden and music by Louis Grabu - is in rehearsals at the time.
- Edmund Arwaker: The Vision; The Second Part of The Vision, a Pindarick Ode, on the coronation of James II
- Aphra Behn: A Pindarick on the Death of Our Late Sovereign; A Pindarick Poem on the Happy Coronation of His Most Sacred Majesty James II
- John Dryden, Threnodia Augustalis, on the death of Charles II
- Thomas Otway: Windsor Castle, on the death of Charles II; Otway died in April
Jun: A revised version of Albion and Albanius fails, largely because it coincides with the James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth's invasion.
Jun: Parliament revives the Printing Act of 1662, limiting London printers.
Antoine Furetière is expelled from the French Academy.
Publication of the Fourth Folio of Shakespeare's works in London.

Published Works:
Scipion Abeille: Histoire des Os ("Description of the Bones")
Aphra Behn: Love-Letters Between a Nobleman and His Sister
Ihara Saikaku: Five Women Who Loved Love
Jean Galbert de Campistron: Andronic, drama
John Crowne: Sir Courtly Nice, drama
Thomas d'Urfey: The Banditti, or A Lady's Distress; The Commonwealth of Women (adapted from The Sea Voyage)
Nahum Tate: The Cuckold's Haven (an adaptation of Eastward Ho); A Duke and No Duke (an adaptation of Sir Aston Cockayne's Trappolin Suppos'd a Prince)
Henry Bold: translator, Latine Songs, with their English: and Poems, includes "Chevy Chase", a ballad, and Sir John Suckling's poem "Why so pale and wan fond lover?"
John Cutts, (later Baron Cutts): La Muse de Cavalier; or, An Apology for such gentleman as make poetry their diversion, not their business in a letter by a scholar of Mars to one of Apollo,[2] published anonymously
Sir William Davenant: The Seventh and Last Canto of the Third Book of Gondibert, published posthumously (see Gondibert 1651)
John Dryden and Jacob Tonson: Sylvae; or, The Second Part of Poetical Miscellanies, the second in a series of miscellanies published by Tonson; has translations from Virgil, Lucretius, Theocritus and Horace, mostly by Dryden (see also Miscellany Poems 1684, Examen Poeticum 1693, Annual Miscellany 1694, Poetical Miscellanies: Fifth Part 1704, Sixth Part 1709)
Nahum Tate: Poems by Several Hands, and on Several Occasions
Edmund Waller: Divine Poems
Samuel Wesley: Maggots; or, Poems on Several Subjects, Never Before Handled, published anonymously
John Wilmot:
Earl of Rochester, Poems on Several Occasions. Written by a late Person of Honour, London: Printed for A. Thorncome, posthumously published
Emilie Juliane of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, German pet: Kuhlwasser in grosser Hitze des Creutzes, hymns; published in Rudolstadt; Tägliches Morgen- Mittags- und Abendopfer, hymns; published in Rudolstadt
Cotton Mather: An Elegy [...] on Nathanael Collins, English Colonial America (Massachusetts)

Births:
Jan 9, 1685: Tiberius Hemsterhuis, Dutch critic (d 1766)
Feb 10, 1685: Aaron Hill, English dramatist, poet and miscellaneous writer (d 1750)
Mar 12, 1685: George Berkeley Irish philosopher and bishop (d 1753)
Dec 17, 1685: Thomas Tickell, English poet and man of letters (d 1740)
1685: Mary Barber, English poet, and a member of Jonathan Swift's circle (d 1755)
1685: Jane Brereton, English poet notable as a correspondent to The Gentleman's Magazine (d 1740)
1685: William Diaper, English poet of the Augustan era (d 1717)
1685: William Harrison, English poet and diplomat (d 1713)

Deaths:
Mar 18, 1685: Francis Harold, Irish Franciscan historian (b unknown year)
Apr 1685: Thomas Otway, English dramatist (b 1652)
Apr 29, 1685: Luc d'Achery, French author of critical editions of medieval manuscripts (b 1609)
Jun 17, 1685: Andrew Allam, English historian (b 1655)
Oct 23, 1685: Yamaga Sokō, Japanese philosopher (b 1622)|
Unknown date, 1685: Jean Cabassut, French theologian (b 1604)
Unknown date, 1685: Anne Killigrew, English poet (b 1660)
Unknown date, 1685: Placido Puccinelli, Italian historian (b 1609)
Unknown date, 1685: Nalan Xingde, Chinese poet who became a scholar and officer in the Imperial Bodyguard (b 1655)
Unknown date, 1685: Gerard, Dutch preacher, playwright, poet, church historian, biographer and naval historian Brandt (b 1626)
Unknown date, 1685: Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon, English poet (b 1630)
Unknown date, 1685: Francesc Fontanella, Catalan poet, dramatist, and priest (b 1622)

1685 in Arts

Works:
Richard Brakenburgh: Feast of St Nicholas, painting
Claudio Coello: St Dominic of Guzman, painting (approximate date)
Aert de Gelder: Esther and Mordeca, painting
Simon Ushakov: The Last Supper, painting
Pierre Lepautre: Faune au chevreau, sculpture

Births:
Mar 17, 1685: Jean-Marc Nattier, French painter (d 1766)
Nov 5, 1685: Peter Angelis, French painter (d 1734)
Nov 15, 1685: Balthasar Denner, German portrait painter (d 1749)
Unknown date, 1685: Charles Cressent, French furniture-maker, sculptor and fondeur-ciseleur of the régence style (d 1768)
Unknown date, 1685: Pietro Paolo Cristofari, Italian artist responsible for a number of the mosaics in St. Peter's Basilica (d 1743)
Unknown date, 1685: Bernardo Germán de Llórente, Spanish painter of the late-Baroque period (d 1757)
Unknown date, 1685: Francesco Sleter, Italian painter active in England (d 1775)
Unknown date, 1685: Jan van Gool, Dutch painter and writer (d 1763)
Probable 1685: William Kent, architect and designer (d 1748)
Probable 1685: Johann Georg Schmidt, Austrian Baroque painter (d 1748)

Deaths:
Jan 1685: Herman Saftleven, Dutch painter (b 1609)
Mar 25, 1685: Nicolas Robert, French miniaturist and engraver (b 1614)
May 1685: Adriaen van Ostade, Dutch genre painter (b 1610)
Jun 16, 1685: Anne Killigrew, poet and painter (b 1660)
Augt 8, 1685: Giovanni Battista Salvi or Sassoferrato, Italian painter (b 1609)
Sep 1685: Adam Colonia, Dutch painter working in England (b 1634)
Oct 2, 1685: David Teniers III, Flemish painter (b 1638)
Oct 3, 1685: Juan Carreño de Miranda, Spanish painter (b 1614)
Unknown date, 1685: Giulio Trogli, Italian painter nicknamed il Paradosso ("the Paradox") (b 1613)
Unknown date, 1685: Jan Baptist van Heil, Flemish painter (b 1604)

1685 in History

Events:
Feb 6, 1685: James Stuart, Duke of York becomes James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland in succession to his brother Charles II (1630–1685), King of Great Britain since 1660. James II and VII reigns to 1688.
Feb 20, 1685: René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, intending to establish a colony near the mouth of the Mississippi River, lands with 200 surviving colonists at Matagorda Bay on the Texas coast, believing the Mississippi near. He establishes Fort St. Louis.
Mar 1685: Louis XIV of France passes the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies.
Apr 23, 1685: James II King of England was crowned
May 11, 1685: The Killing Time: Five Covenanters in Wigtown, Scotland, notably Margaret Wilson, are executed for refusing to swear an oath declaring King James of England, Scotland and Ireland as head of the church, becoming the 'Wigtown martyrs'.
Jun 11, 1685: Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland, lands at Lyme Regis with an invasion force brought from the Netherlands to challenge his uncle, James II, for the Crown of England].
Jun 20, 1685: Monmouth Rebellion: James, Duke of Monmouth declares himself at Taunton to be King and heir to his father's Kingdoms as James II of England and Ireland and James VII of Scotland.
Jul 6, 1685: Monmouth Rebellion – Battle of Sedgemoor: the armies of King James II of England defeat rebel forces under James Scott, 1st Dukof Monmouth and capture the Duke himself, shortly after the battle.
Jul 15, 1685: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth is executed at Tower Hill, London.
Augt 25, 1685: The Bloody Assizes begin in Winchester; over 1000 of Monmouth's rebels tried and condemned to death or transportation.
Sep 1685: he first organised street lighting was introduced in London with oil lamps to be lit outside every tenth house on moonless winter nights.
Oct 18/19, 1685: Louis XIV issues the Edict of Fontainebleau, which revokes the Edict of Nantes and declares Protestantism illegal, thereby depriving Huguenots of civil rights.
Unknown date, 1685: The Chinese army of the Qing dynasty attacks a Russian post at Albazin, during the reigns of the Kangxi Emperor and the dual Russian rulers Ivan V of Russia and Peter I of Russia. The events lead to the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
Unknown date, 1685: Adam Baldridge finds a pirate base at Île Sainte-Marie in Madagascar.
Unknown date, 1685: Louis XIV is married to Madame de Maintenon in a secret ceremony.
Unknown date, 1685: The Old Dutch Church of Sleepy Hollow in the State of New York in the United States was constructed by the original Dutch settlers of New York, later to become famous as the site of the rampage of the "Headless Horseman" spirit in the early American author Washington Irving's novel The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.

Births:
Jan 7, 1685: Jonas Alströmer, Swedish industrialist (d 1761)
Jan 9 , 1685: Tiberius Hemsterhuis, Dutch philologist (d 1766)
Feb 8, 1685: Charles-Jean-François Hénault, French historian (d 1770)
Mar 12, 1685: George Berkeley, English philosopher (d 1753)
Mar 18, 1685: Ralph Erskine, Scottish minister (d 1752)
Jul 3, 1685: Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, British cavalry officer (d 1768)
Aug 18, 1685: Brook Taylor, English mathematician (d 1731)
Oct 1, 1685: Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d 1740)
Nov 17, 1685: Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, sieur de La Vérendrye, French-Canadian trader and explorer (d 1749)

Deaths:
Jan 2, 1685: Harbottle Grimston, English politician (b 1603)
Feb 6, 1685: King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland (b 1630)
Feb 24, 1685: Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English politician and military leader (b 1629)
Mar22, 1685: Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b 1638)
Apr 1685: Adriaen van Ostade, Dutch painter and engraver whose subject matter included tavern scenes, peasants drinking and smoking, itinerant musicians, village festivities and quaint village characters (b 1610)
May 11, 1685: Margaret Wilson and Margaret McLachlan, the Wigtown martyrs
May 26, 1685: Karl II, Elector Palatine (b 1651)
Jul 15, 1685: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of Charles II of England (beheaded) (b 1649)
Jul 28, 1685: Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington, English statesman (b 1618)
Sep 1, 1685: Leoline Jenkins, Welsh lawyer and diplomat (b 1625)
Oct 12, 1685: Christoph Ignaz Abele, Austrian jurist (b 1628)
Oct+30, 1685: Michel Le Tellier, French statesman (b 1603)
Dec 12, 1685: John Pell, English mathematician (b 1610)

Prepared by Aryeh Oron (June 2015)